In the Bible, and in Shakespeare's vocabulary,
they are in the proportion of ninety per cent. For specimens showing
Anglo-Saxon words, see p. 136.
II.--ETYMOLOGICAL CLASSES OF WORDS.
10. CLASSES BY ORIGIN.--With respect to their origin, words are divided
into two classes,--primitive words and derivative words.
11. A PRIMITIVE word, or root, is one that cannot be reduced to a more
simple form in the language to which it is native: as, _man, good, run_.
12. A DERIVATIVE word is one made up of a root and one or more _formative
elements_: as, man_ly_, good_ness_, run_ner_.
The formative elements are called prefixes and suffixes. (See Sec.Sec. 16, 17.)
13. BY COMPOSITION.--With respect to their composition, words are divided
into two classes,--simple and compound words.
14. A SIMPLE word consists of a single significant term: as, _school,
master, rain, bow_.
15. A COMPOUND word is one made up of two or more simple words united: as,
_school-master, rainbow_.
In some compound words the constituent parts are joined by the hyphen
as _school-master_; in others the parts coalesce and the compound forms
a single (though not a _simple_) word, as _rainbow_.
III.--PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES.
16. A prefix is a significant syllable or word placed before and joined
with a word to modify its meaning: as, unsafe = _not_ safe; remove = move
_back_; circumnavigate = sail _around_.
17. A suffix is a significant syllable or syllables placed after and joined
with a word to modify its meaning: as, safeLY = in a safe _manner_; movABLE
= that may be moved; navIGATION = _act_ of sailing.
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