GRAINS.
_Cider._ _Wines._ _Beer, Ales, etc._
Apples. Grapes, Gooseberries, Barley, Oats,
_Perry._ Currants, Elderberries, Wheat, Peas, etc.
Pears. Blackberries, Cherries, etc. Corn, (with hops).
* * * * *
DISTILLATION.
How does the sugar in grapes and other fruits become alcohol?--"By
fermenting." Yes, and liquors made by fermenting are called _fermented
liquors_. What other alcoholic drinks have you heard about beside cider,
wines, beer, and ales?--"Gin, whiskey, brandy, rum." These are stronger
than the fermented liquors, that is, they contain more alcohol; they are
made by what is called _distillation_.
If you boil water, and let the steam from it fall upon a cold plate, the
steam will change back into liquid and become _distilled_ water. Making a
liquid boil, catching the vapor or steam and cooling it, is what we mean by
distillation.
If two or more liquids are mixed together, the one that boils with the
least heat will be drawn off first. The alcohol of beer, cider, and wines
is mixed with water; it boils at a lower heat than water, so can be drawn
off from it very easily.
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